Scope and Contents From the File: This case, which went all the way to the Supreme Court, upheld the constitutionality of surprise and warrantless inspections of mines and quarries, presumably for safety reasons. Joe Kramas, the defendant, was President of Sigmanetics, Inc. in Concord, CA, and was concerned with "certain provisions of the Fire Code which afford right of entry to private property for the purpose of fire safety inspection by authorized fire department personnel." Refusal of entry would result in a misdemeanor...